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* refs/heads/tmp-79f138a
Linux 4.4.107
ath9k: fix tx99 potential info leak
IB/ipoib: Grab rtnl lock on heavy flush when calling ndo_open/stop
RDMA/cma: Avoid triggering undefined behavior
macvlan: Only deliver one copy of the frame to the macvlan interface
udf: Avoid overflow when session starts at large offset
scsi: bfa: integer overflow in debugfs
scsi: sd: change allow_restart to bool in sysfs interface
scsi: sd: change manage_start_stop to bool in sysfs interface
vt6655: Fix a possible sleep-in-atomic bug in vt6655_suspend
scsi: scsi_devinfo: Add REPORTLUN2 to EMC SYMMETRIX blacklist entry
raid5: Set R5_Expanded on parity devices as well as data.
pinctrl: adi2: Fix Kconfig build problem
usb: musb: da8xx: fix babble condition handling
tty fix oops when rmmod 8250
powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: Fix incorrect comparison in memord
scsi: hpsa: destroy sas transport properties before scsi_host
scsi: hpsa: cleanup sas_phy structures in sysfs when unloading
PCI: Detach driver before procfs & sysfs teardown on device remove
xfs: fix incorrect extent state in xfs_bmap_add_extent_unwritten_real
xfs: fix log block underflow during recovery cycle verification
l2tp: cleanup l2tp_tunnel_delete calls
bcache: fix wrong cache_misses statistics
bcache: explicitly destroy mutex while exiting
GFS2: Take inode off order_write list when setting jdata flag
thermal/drivers/step_wise: Fix temperature regulation misbehavior
ppp: Destroy the mutex when cleanup
clk: tegra: Fix cclk_lp divisor register
clk: imx6: refine hdmi_isfr's parent to make HDMI work on i.MX6 SoCs w/o VPU
clk: mediatek: add the option for determining PLL source clock
mm: Handle 0 flags in _calc_vm_trans() macro
crypto: tcrypt - fix buffer lengths in test_aead_speed()
arm-ccn: perf: Prevent module unload while PMU is in use
target/file: Do not return error for UNMAP if length is zero
target:fix condition return in core_pr_dump_initiator_port()
iscsi-target: fix memory leak in lio_target_tiqn_addtpg()
target/iscsi: Fix a race condition in iscsit_add_reject_from_cmd()
powerpc/ipic: Fix status get and status clear
powerpc/opal: Fix EBUSY bug in acquiring tokens
netfilter: ipvs: Fix inappropriate output of procfs
powerpc/powernv/cpufreq: Fix the frequency read by /proc/cpuinfo
PCI/PME: Handle invalid data when reading Root Status
dmaengine: ti-dma-crossbar: Correct am335x/am43xx mux value type
rtc: pcf8563: fix output clock rate
video: fbdev: au1200fb: Return an error code if a memory allocation fails
video: fbdev: au1200fb: Release some resources if a memory allocation fails
video: udlfb: Fix read EDID timeout
fbdev: controlfb: Add missing modes to fix out of bounds access
sfc: don't warn on successful change of MAC
target: fix race during implicit transition work flushes
target: fix ALUA transition timeout handling
target: Use system workqueue for ALUA transitions
btrfs: add missing memset while reading compressed inline extents
NFSv4.1 respect server's max size in CREATE_SESSION
efi/esrt: Cleanup bad memory map log messages
perf symbols: Fix symbols__fixup_end heuristic for corner cases
net/mlx4_core: Avoid delays during VF driver device shutdown
afs: Fix afs_kill_pages()
afs: Fix page leak in afs_write_begin()
afs: Populate and use client modification time
afs: Fix the maths in afs_fs_store_data()
afs: Prevent callback expiry timer overflow
afs: Migrate vlocation fields to 64-bit
afs: Flush outstanding writes when an fd is closed
afs: Adjust mode bits processing
afs: Populate group ID from vnode status
afs: Fix missing put_page()
drm/radeon: reinstate oland workaround for sclk
mmc: mediatek: Fixed bug where clock frequency could be set wrong
sched/deadline: Use deadline instead of period when calculating overflow
sched/deadline: Throttle a constrained deadline task activated after the deadline
sched/deadline: Make sure the replenishment timer fires in the next period
drm/radeon/si: add dpm quirk for Oland
fjes: Fix wrong netdevice feature flags
scsi: hpsa: limit outstanding rescans
scsi: hpsa: update check for logical volume status
openrisc: fix issue handling 8 byte get_user calls
intel_th: pci: Add Gemini Lake support
mlxsw: reg: Fix SPVMLR max record count
mlxsw: reg: Fix SPVM max record count
net: Resend IGMP memberships upon peer notification.
dmaengine: Fix array index out of bounds warning in __get_unmap_pool()
net: wimax/i2400m: fix NULL-deref at probe
writeback: fix memory leak in wb_queue_work()
netfilter: bridge: honor frag_max_size when refragmenting
drm/omap: fix dmabuf mmap for dma_alloc'ed buffers
Input: i8042 - add TUXEDO BU1406 (N24_25BU) to the nomux list
NFSD: fix nfsd_reset_versions for NFSv4.
NFSD: fix nfsd_minorversion(.., NFSD_AVAIL)
net: bcmgenet: Power up the internal PHY before probing the MII
net: bcmgenet: power down internal phy if open or resume fails
net: bcmgenet: reserved phy revisions must be checked first
net: bcmgenet: correct MIB access of UniMAC RUNT counters
net: bcmgenet: correct the RBUF_OVFL_CNT and RBUF_ERR_CNT MIB values
net: initialize msg.msg_flags in recvfrom
userfaultfd: selftest: vm: allow to build in vm/ directory
userfaultfd: shmem: __do_fault requires VM_FAULT_NOPAGE
md-cluster: free md_cluster_info if node leave cluster
usb: phy: isp1301: Add OF device ID table
mac80211: Fix addition of mesh configuration element
KEYS: add missing permission check for request_key() destination
ext4: fix crash when a directory's i_size is too small
ext4: fix fdatasync(2) after fallocate(2) operation
dmaengine: dmatest: move callback wait queue to thread context
sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one CPU to pull
xhci: Don't add a virt_dev to the devs array before it's fully allocated
Bluetooth: btusb: driver to enable the usb-wakeup feature
ceph: drop negative child dentries before try pruning inode's alias
usbip: fix stub_send_ret_submit() vulnerability to null transfer_buffer
USB: core: prevent malicious bNumInterfaces overflow
USB: uas and storage: Add US_FL_BROKEN_FUA for another JMicron JMS567 ID
tracing: Allocate mask_str buffer dynamically
autofs: fix careless error in recent commit
crypto: salsa20 - fix blkcipher_walk API usage
crypto: hmac - require that the underlying hash algorithm is unkeyed
UPSTREAM: arm64: setup: introduce kaslr_offset()
UPSTREAM: kcov: fix comparison callback signature
UPSTREAM: kcov: support comparison operands collection
UPSTREAM: kcov: remove pointless current != NULL check
UPSTREAM: kcov: support compat processes
UPSTREAM: kcov: simplify interrupt check
UPSTREAM: kcov: make kcov work properly with KASLR enabled
UPSTREAM: kcov: add more missing includes
UPSTREAM: kcov: add missing #include <linux/sched.h>
UPSTREAM: kcov: properly check if we are in an interrupt
UPSTREAM: kcov: don't profile branches in kcov
UPSTREAM: kcov: don't trace the code coverage code
BACKPORT: kernel: add kcov code coverage
Conflicts:
Makefile
mm/kasan/Makefile
scripts/Makefile.lib
Change-Id: Ic19953706ea2e700621b0ba94d1c90bbffa4f471
Signed-off-by: Srinivasarao P <spathi@codeaurora.org>
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kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing
(randomized testing). Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique
that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a
system. A notable user-space example is AFL
(http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/). However, this technique is not
widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel
support.
kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible. It aims to
collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs.
To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard
interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or
non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking).
Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the
API anticipates additional collection modes. Initially I also
implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash
table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch). I've
dropped the second mode for simplicity.
This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side. The complimentary
compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296.
We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has
found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months:
https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs
We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller.
Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly
help is more traditional "blob mutation". For example, mounting a
random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire.
Why not gcov. Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset
coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat. A
typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g. an invalid
input). In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as
reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic
blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M). Cost of
kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges. On top of
that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always
background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage.
With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible.
kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is
insecure. But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible.
Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode']
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards]
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Bug: 64145065
(cherry-picked from 5c9a8750a6409c63a0f01d51a9024861022f6593)
Change-Id: I17b5e04f6e89b241924e78ec32ead79c38b860ce
Signed-off-by: Paul Lawrence <paullawrence@google.com>
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* refs/heads/tmp-2fea039
Linux 4.4.106
usb: gadget: ffs: Forbid usb_ep_alloc_request from sleeping
arm: KVM: Fix VTTBR_BADDR_MASK BUG_ON off-by-one
Revert "x86/mm/pat: Ensure cpa->pfn only contains page frame numbers"
Revert "x86/efi: Hoist page table switching code into efi_call_virt()"
Revert "x86/efi: Build our own page table structures"
net/packet: fix a race in packet_bind() and packet_notifier()
packet: fix crash in fanout_demux_rollover()
sit: update frag_off info
rds: Fix NULL pointer dereference in __rds_rdma_map
tipc: fix memory leak in tipc_accept_from_sock()
more bio_map_user_iov() leak fixes
s390: always save and restore all registers on context switch
ipmi: Stop timers before cleaning up the module
audit: ensure that 'audit=1' actually enables audit for PID 1
ipvlan: fix ipv6 outbound device
afs: Connect up the CB.ProbeUuid
IB/mlx5: Assign send CQ and recv CQ of UMR QP
IB/mlx4: Increase maximal message size under UD QP
xfrm: Copy policy family in clone_policy
jump_label: Invoke jump_label_test() via early_initcall()
atm: horizon: Fix irq release error
sctp: use the right sk after waking up from wait_buf sleep
sctp: do not free asoc when it is already dead in sctp_sendmsg
sparc64/mm: set fields in deferred pages
block: wake up all tasks blocked in get_request()
sunrpc: Fix rpc_task_begin trace point
NFS: Fix a typo in nfs_rename()
dynamic-debug-howto: fix optional/omitted ending line number to be LARGE instead of 0
lib/genalloc.c: make the avail variable an atomic_long_t
route: update fnhe_expires for redirect when the fnhe exists
route: also update fnhe_genid when updating a route cache
mac80211_hwsim: Fix memory leak in hwsim_new_radio_nl()
kbuild: pkg: use --transform option to prefix paths in tar
EDAC, i5000, i5400: Fix definition of NRECMEMB register
EDAC, i5000, i5400: Fix use of MTR_DRAM_WIDTH macro
powerpc/powernv/ioda2: Gracefully fail if too many TCE levels requested
drm/amd/amdgpu: fix console deadlock if late init failed
axonram: Fix gendisk handling
netfilter: don't track fragmented packets
zram: set physical queue limits to avoid array out of bounds accesses
i2c: riic: fix restart condition
crypto: s5p-sss - Fix completing crypto request in IRQ handler
ipv6: reorder icmpv6_init() and ip6_mr_init()
bnx2x: do not rollback VF MAC/VLAN filters we did not configure
bnx2x: fix possible overrun of VFPF multicast addresses array
bnx2x: prevent crash when accessing PTP with interface down
spi_ks8995: fix "BUG: key accdaa28 not in .data!"
arm64: KVM: Survive unknown traps from guests
arm: KVM: Survive unknown traps from guests
KVM: nVMX: reset nested_run_pending if the vCPU is going to be reset
irqchip/crossbar: Fix incorrect type of register size
scsi: lpfc: Fix crash during Hardware error recovery on SLI3 adapters
workqueue: trigger WARN if queue_delayed_work() is called with NULL @wq
libata: drop WARN from protocol error in ata_sff_qc_issue()
kvm: nVMX: VMCLEAR should not cause the vCPU to shut down
USB: gadgetfs: Fix a potential memory leak in 'dev_config()'
usb: gadget: configs: plug memory leak
HID: chicony: Add support for another ASUS Zen AiO keyboard
gpio: altera: Use handle_level_irq when configured as a level_high
ARM: OMAP2+: Release device node after it is no longer needed.
ARM: OMAP2+: Fix device node reference counts
module: set __jump_table alignment to 8
selftest/powerpc: Fix false failures for skipped tests
x86/hpet: Prevent might sleep splat on resume
ARM: OMAP2+: gpmc-onenand: propagate error on initialization failure
vti6: Don't report path MTU below IPV6_MIN_MTU.
Revert "s390/kbuild: enable modversions for symbols exported from asm"
Revert "spi: SPI_FSL_DSPI should depend on HAS_DMA"
Revert "drm/armada: Fix compile fail"
mm: drop unused pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_notify()
thp: fix MADV_DONTNEED vs. numa balancing race
thp: reduce indentation level in change_huge_pmd()
scsi: storvsc: Workaround for virtual DVD SCSI version
ARM: avoid faulting on qemu
ARM: BUG if jumping to usermode address in kernel mode
arm64: fpsimd: Prevent registers leaking from dead tasks
KVM: VMX: remove I/O port 0x80 bypass on Intel hosts
arm64: KVM: fix VTTBR_BADDR_MASK BUG_ON off-by-one
media: dvb: i2c transfers over usb cannot be done from stack
drm/exynos: gem: Drop NONCONTIG flag for buffers allocated without IOMMU
drm: extra printk() wrapper macros
kdb: Fix handling of kallsyms_symbol_next() return value
s390: fix compat system call table
iommu/vt-d: Fix scatterlist offset handling
ALSA: usb-audio: Add check return value for usb_string()
ALSA: usb-audio: Fix out-of-bound error
ALSA: seq: Remove spurious WARN_ON() at timer check
ALSA: pcm: prevent UAF in snd_pcm_info
x86/PCI: Make broadcom_postcore_init() check acpi_disabled
X.509: reject invalid BIT STRING for subjectPublicKey
ASN.1: check for error from ASN1_OP_END__ACT actions
ASN.1: fix out-of-bounds read when parsing indefinite length item
efi: Move some sysfs files to be read-only by root
scsi: libsas: align sata_device's rps_resp on a cacheline
isa: Prevent NULL dereference in isa_bus driver callbacks
hv: kvp: Avoid reading past allocated blocks from KVP file
virtio: release virtio index when fail to device_register
can: usb_8dev: cancel urb on -EPIPE and -EPROTO
can: esd_usb2: cancel urb on -EPIPE and -EPROTO
can: ems_usb: cancel urb on -EPIPE and -EPROTO
can: kvaser_usb: cancel urb on -EPIPE and -EPROTO
can: kvaser_usb: ratelimit errors if incomplete messages are received
can: kvaser_usb: Fix comparison bug in kvaser_usb_read_bulk_callback()
can: kvaser_usb: free buf in error paths
can: ti_hecc: Fix napi poll return value for repoll
BACKPORT: irq: Make the irqentry text section unconditional
UPSTREAM: arch, ftrace: for KASAN put hard/soft IRQ entries into separate sections
UPSTREAM: x86, kasan, ftrace: Put APIC interrupt handlers into .irqentry.text
UPSTREAM: kasan: make get_wild_bug_type() static
UPSTREAM: kasan: separate report parts by empty lines
UPSTREAM: kasan: improve double-free report format
UPSTREAM: kasan: print page description after stacks
UPSTREAM: kasan: improve slab object description
UPSTREAM: kasan: change report header
UPSTREAM: kasan: simplify address description logic
UPSTREAM: kasan: change allocation and freeing stack traces headers
UPSTREAM: kasan: unify report headers
UPSTREAM: kasan: introduce helper functions for determining bug type
BACKPORT: kasan: report only the first error by default
UPSTREAM: kasan: fix races in quarantine_remove_cache()
UPSTREAM: kasan: resched in quarantine_remove_cache()
BACKPORT: kasan, sched/headers: Uninline kasan_enable/disable_current()
BACKPORT: kasan: drain quarantine of memcg slab objects
UPSTREAM: kasan: eliminate long stalls during quarantine reduction
UPSTREAM: kasan: support panic_on_warn
UPSTREAM: x86/suspend: fix false positive KASAN warning on suspend/resume
UPSTREAM: kasan: support use-after-scope detection
UPSTREAM: kasan/tests: add tests for user memory access functions
UPSTREAM: mm, kasan: add a ksize() test
UPSTREAM: kasan: test fix: warn if the UAF could not be detected in kmalloc_uaf2
UPSTREAM: kasan: modify kmalloc_large_oob_right(), add kmalloc_pagealloc_oob_right()
UPSTREAM: lib/stackdepot: export save/fetch stack for drivers
UPSTREAM: lib/stackdepot.c: bump stackdepot capacity from 16MB to 128MB
BACKPORT: kprobes: Unpoison stack in jprobe_return() for KASAN
UPSTREAM: kasan: remove the unnecessary WARN_ONCE from quarantine.c
UPSTREAM: kasan: avoid overflowing quarantine size on low memory systems
UPSTREAM: kasan: improve double-free reports
BACKPORT: mm: coalesce split strings
BACKPORT: mm/kasan: get rid of ->state in struct kasan_alloc_meta
UPSTREAM: mm/kasan: get rid of ->alloc_size in struct kasan_alloc_meta
UPSTREAM: mm: kasan: remove unused 'reserved' field from struct kasan_alloc_meta
UPSTREAM: mm/kasan, slub: don't disable interrupts when object leaves quarantine
UPSTREAM: mm/kasan: don't reduce quarantine in atomic contexts
UPSTREAM: mm/kasan: fix corruptions and false positive reports
UPSTREAM: lib/stackdepot.c: use __GFP_NOWARN for stack allocations
BACKPORT: mm, kasan: switch SLUB to stackdepot, enable memory quarantine for SLUB
UPSTREAM: kasan/quarantine: fix bugs on qlist_move_cache()
UPSTREAM: mm: mempool: kasan: don't poot mempool objects in quarantine
UPSTREAM: kasan: change memory hot-add error messages to info messages
BACKPORT: mm/kasan: add API to check memory regions
UPSTREAM: mm/kasan: print name of mem[set,cpy,move]() caller in report
UPSTREAM: mm: kasan: initial memory quarantine implementation
UPSTREAM: lib/stackdepot: avoid to return 0 handle
UPSTREAM: lib/stackdepot.c: allow the stack trace hash to be zero
UPSTREAM: mm, kasan: fix compilation for CONFIG_SLAB
BACKPORT: mm, kasan: stackdepot implementation. Enable stackdepot for SLAB
BACKPORT: mm, kasan: add GFP flags to KASAN API
UPSTREAM: mm, kasan: SLAB support
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: align cache size first before determination of OFF_SLAB candidate
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: use more appropriate condition check for debug_pagealloc
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: factor out debugging initialization in cache_init_objs()
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: remove object status buffer for DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: alternative implementation for DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: clean up DEBUG_PAGEALLOC processing code
UPSTREAM: mm/slab: activate debug_pagealloc in SLAB when it is actually enabled
sched: EAS/WALT: Don't take into account of running task's util
BACKPORT: schedutil: Reset cached freq if it is not in sync with next_freq
UPSTREAM: kasan: add functions to clear stack poison
Conflicts:
arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_arm.h
arch/arm64/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
include/linux/kasan.h
kernel/softirq.c
lib/Kconfig
lib/Kconfig.kasan
lib/Makefile
lib/stackdepot.c
mm/kasan/kasan.c
sound/usb/mixer.c
Change-Id: If70ced6da5f19be3dd92d10a8d8cd4d5841e5870
Signed-off-by: Srinivasarao P <spathi@codeaurora.org>
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SLUB
For KASAN builds:
- switch SLUB allocator to using stackdepot instead of storing the
allocation/deallocation stacks in the objects;
- change the freelist hook so that parts of the freelist can be put
into the quarantine.
[aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468601423-28676-1-git-send-email-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468347165-41906-3-git-send-email-glider@google.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (Red Hat) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Kuthonuzo Luruo <kuthonuzo.luruo@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Bug: 64145065
(cherry-picked from 80a9201a5965f4715d5c09790862e0df84ce0614)
Change-Id: I2b59c6d50d0db62d3609edfdc7be54e48f8afa5c
Signed-off-by: Paul Lawrence <paullawrence@google.com>
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Quarantine isolates freed objects in a separate queue. The objects are
returned to the allocator later, which helps to detect use-after-free
errors.
When the object is freed, its state changes from KASAN_STATE_ALLOC to
KASAN_STATE_QUARANTINE. The object is poisoned and put into quarantine
instead of being returned to the allocator, therefore every subsequent
access to that object triggers a KASAN error, and the error handler is
able to say where the object has been allocated and deallocated.
When it's time for the object to leave quarantine, its state becomes
KASAN_STATE_FREE and it's returned to the allocator. From now on the
allocator may reuse it for another allocation. Before that happens,
it's still possible to detect a use-after free on that object (it
retains the allocation/deallocation stacks).
When the allocator reuses this object, the shadow is unpoisoned and old
allocation/deallocation stacks are wiped. Therefore a use of this
object, even an incorrect one, won't trigger ASan warning.
Without the quarantine, it's not guaranteed that the objects aren't
reused immediately, that's why the probability of catching a
use-after-free is lower than with quarantine in place.
Quarantine isolates freed objects in a separate queue. The objects are
returned to the allocator later, which helps to detect use-after-free
errors.
Freed objects are first added to per-cpu quarantine queues. When a
cache is destroyed or memory shrinking is requested, the objects are
moved into the global quarantine queue. Whenever a kmalloc call allows
memory reclaiming, the oldest objects are popped out of the global queue
until the total size of objects in quarantine is less than 3/4 of the
maximum quarantine size (which is a fraction of installed physical
memory).
As long as an object remains in the quarantine, KASAN is able to report
accesses to it, so the chance of reporting a use-after-free is
increased. Once the object leaves quarantine, the allocator may reuse
it, in which case the object is unpoisoned and KASAN can't detect
incorrect accesses to it.
Right now quarantine support is only enabled in SLAB allocator.
Unification of KASAN features in SLAB and SLUB will be done later.
This patch is based on the "mm: kasan: quarantine" patch originally
prepared by Dmitry Chernenkov. A number of improvements have been
suggested by Andrey Ryabinin.
[glider@google.com: v9]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462987130-144092-1-git-send-email-glider@google.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Bug: 64145065
(cherry-picked from 55834c59098d0c5a97b0f3247e55832b67facdcf)
Change-Id: Ib808d72a40f2e5137961d93dad540e85f8bbd2c4
Signed-off-by: Paul Lawrence <paullawrence@google.com>
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UBSAN uses compile-time instrumentation to catch undefined behavior
(UB). Compiler inserts code that perform certain kinds of checks before
operations that could cause UB. If check fails (i.e. UB detected)
__ubsan_handle_* function called to print error message.
So the most of the work is done by compiler. This patch just implements
ubsan handlers printing errors.
GCC has this capability since 4.9.x [1] (see -fsanitize=undefined
option and its suboptions).
However GCC 5.x has more checkers implemented [2].
Article [3] has a bit more details about UBSAN in the GCC.
[1] - https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.9.0/gcc/Debugging-Options.html
[2] - https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Debugging-Options.html
[3] - http://developerblog.redhat.com/2014/10/16/gcc-undefined-behavior-sanitizer-ubsan/
Issues which UBSAN has found thus far are:
Found bugs:
* out-of-bounds access - 97840cb67ff5 ("netfilter: nfnetlink: fix
insufficient validation in nfnetlink_bind")
undefined shifts:
* d48458d4a768 ("jbd2: use a better hash function for the revoke
table")
* 10632008b9e1 ("clockevents: Prevent shift out of bounds")
* 'x << -1' shift in ext4 -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<5444EF21.8020501@samsung.com>
* undefined rol32(0) -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<1449198241-20654-1-git-send-email-sasha.levin@oracle.com>
* undefined dirty_ratelimit calculation -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<566594E2.3050306@odin.com>
* undefined roundown_pow_of_two(0) -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<1449156616-11474-1-git-send-email-sasha.levin@oracle.com>
* [WONTFIX] undefined shift in __bpf_prog_run -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<CACT4Y+ZxoR3UjLgcNdUm4fECLMx2VdtfrENMtRRCdgHB2n0bJA@mail.gmail.com>
WONTFIX here because it should be fixed in bpf program, not in kernel.
signed overflows:
* 32a8df4e0b33f ("sched: Fix odd values in effective_load()
calculations")
* mul overflow in ntp -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<1449175608-1146-1-git-send-email-sasha.levin@oracle.com>
* incorrect conversion into rtc_time in rtc_time64_to_tm() -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<1449187944-11730-1-git-send-email-sasha.levin@oracle.com>
* unvalidated timespec in io_getevents() -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<CACT4Y+bBxVYLQ6LtOKrKtnLthqLHcw-BMp3aqP3mjdAvr9FULQ@mail.gmail.com>
* [NOTABUG] signed overflow in ktime_add_safe() -
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<CACT4Y+aJ4muRnWxsUe1CMnA6P8nooO33kwG-c8YZg=0Xc8rJqw@mail.gmail.com>
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix unused local warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix __int128 build woes]
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Yury Gribov <y.gribov@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Git-repo: https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/
Git-commit: c6d308534aef6c99904bf5862066360ae067abc4
[tsoni@codeaurora.org: trivial merge conflict resolution]
CRs-Fixed: 969533
Change-Id: I048b9936b1120e0d375b7932c59de78d8ef8f411
Signed-off-by: Trilok Soni <tsoni@codeaurora.org>
[satyap@codeaurora.org: trivial merge conflict resolution]
Signed-off-by: Satya Durga Srinivasu Prabhala <satyap@codeaurora.org>
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Introduce generic kasan_populate_zero_shadow(shadow_start,
shadow_end). This function maps kasan_zero_page to the
[shadow_start, shadow_end] addresses.
This replaces x86_64 specific populate_zero_shadow() and will
be used for ARM64 in follow on patches.
The main changes from original version are:
* Use p?d_populate*() instead of set_p?d()
* Use memblock allocator directly instead of vmemmap_alloc_block()
* __pa() instead of __pa_nodebug(). __pa() causes troubles
iff we use it before kasan_early_init(). kasan_populate_zero_shadow()
will be used later, so we ok with __pa() here.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Klimov <klimov.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: David Keitel <dkeitel@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yury <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1439444244-26057-3-git-send-email-ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Kernel Address sanitizer (KASan) is a dynamic memory error detector. It
provides fast and comprehensive solution for finding use-after-free and
out-of-bounds bugs.
KASAN uses compile-time instrumentation for checking every memory access,
therefore GCC > v4.9.2 required. v4.9.2 almost works, but has issues with
putting symbol aliases into the wrong section, which breaks kasan
instrumentation of globals.
This patch only adds infrastructure for kernel address sanitizer. It's
not available for use yet. The idea and some code was borrowed from [1].
Basic idea:
The main idea of KASAN is to use shadow memory to record whether each byte
of memory is safe to access or not, and use compiler's instrumentation to
check the shadow memory on each memory access.
Address sanitizer uses 1/8 of the memory addressable in kernel for shadow
memory and uses direct mapping with a scale and offset to translate a
memory address to its corresponding shadow address.
Here is function to translate address to corresponding shadow address:
unsigned long kasan_mem_to_shadow(unsigned long addr)
{
return (addr >> KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT) + KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET;
}
where KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT = 3.
So for every 8 bytes there is one corresponding byte of shadow memory.
The following encoding used for each shadow byte: 0 means that all 8 bytes
of the corresponding memory region are valid for access; k (1 <= k <= 7)
means that the first k bytes are valid for access, and other (8 - k) bytes
are not; Any negative value indicates that the entire 8-bytes are
inaccessible. Different negative values used to distinguish between
different kinds of inaccessible memory (redzones, freed memory) (see
mm/kasan/kasan.h).
To be able to detect accesses to bad memory we need a special compiler.
Such compiler inserts a specific function calls (__asan_load*(addr),
__asan_store*(addr)) before each memory access of size 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16.
These functions check whether memory region is valid to access or not by
checking corresponding shadow memory. If access is not valid an error
printed.
Historical background of the address sanitizer from Dmitry Vyukov:
"We've developed the set of tools, AddressSanitizer (Asan),
ThreadSanitizer and MemorySanitizer, for user space. We actively use
them for testing inside of Google (continuous testing, fuzzing,
running prod services). To date the tools have found more than 10'000
scary bugs in Chromium, Google internal codebase and various
open-source projects (Firefox, OpenSSL, gcc, clang, ffmpeg, MySQL and
lots of others): [2] [3] [4].
The tools are part of both gcc and clang compilers.
We have not yet done massive testing under the Kernel AddressSanitizer
(it's kind of chicken and egg problem, you need it to be upstream to
start applying it extensively). To date it has found about 50 bugs.
Bugs that we've found in upstream kernel are listed in [5].
We've also found ~20 bugs in out internal version of the kernel. Also
people from Samsung and Oracle have found some.
[...]
As others noted, the main feature of AddressSanitizer is its
performance due to inline compiler instrumentation and simple linear
shadow memory. User-space Asan has ~2x slowdown on computational
programs and ~2x memory consumption increase. Taking into account that
kernel usually consumes only small fraction of CPU and memory when
running real user-space programs, I would expect that kernel Asan will
have ~10-30% slowdown and similar memory consumption increase (when we
finish all tuning).
I agree that Asan can well replace kmemcheck. We have plans to start
working on Kernel MemorySanitizer that finds uses of unitialized
memory. Asan+Msan will provide feature-parity with kmemcheck. As
others noted, Asan will unlikely replace debug slab and pagealloc that
can be enabled at runtime. Asan uses compiler instrumentation, so even
if it is disabled, it still incurs visible overheads.
Asan technology is easily portable to other architectures. Compiler
instrumentation is fully portable. Runtime has some arch-dependent
parts like shadow mapping and atomic operation interception. They are
relatively easy to port."
Comparison with other debugging features:
========================================
KMEMCHECK:
- KASan can do almost everything that kmemcheck can. KASan uses
compile-time instrumentation, which makes it significantly faster than
kmemcheck. The only advantage of kmemcheck over KASan is detection of
uninitialized memory reads.
Some brief performance testing showed that kasan could be
x500-x600 times faster than kmemcheck:
$ netperf -l 30
MIGRATED TCP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 0 AF_INET
Recv Send Send
Socket Socket Message Elapsed
Size Size Size Time Throughput
bytes bytes bytes secs. 10^6bits/sec
no debug: 87380 16384 16384 30.00 41624.72
kasan inline: 87380 16384 16384 30.00 12870.54
kasan outline: 87380 16384 16384 30.00 10586.39
kmemcheck: 87380 16384 16384 30.03 20.23
- Also kmemcheck couldn't work on several CPUs. It always sets
number of CPUs to 1. KASan doesn't have such limitation.
DEBUG_PAGEALLOC:
- KASan is slower than DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, but KASan works on sub-page
granularity level, so it able to find more bugs.
SLUB_DEBUG (poisoning, redzones):
- SLUB_DEBUG has lower overhead than KASan.
- SLUB_DEBUG in most cases are not able to detect bad reads,
KASan able to detect both reads and writes.
- In some cases (e.g. redzone overwritten) SLUB_DEBUG detect
bugs only on allocation/freeing of object. KASan catch
bugs right before it will happen, so we always know exact
place of first bad read/write.
[1] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/AddressSanitizerForKernel
[2] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[3] https://code.google.com/p/thread-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[4] https://code.google.com/p/memory-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[5] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/AddressSanitizerForKernel#Trophies
Based on work by Andrey Konovalov.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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